• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method is disclosed for the manufacture of a biaxially stretched polyolefin film, particularly a polypropylene film, having improved properties, in which the material is first partially prestretched in a longitudinal direction and, thereafter, simultaneously biaxially (longitudinally and laterally) stretched, the apparatus comprising stretching rollers for effecting partial longitudinal stretching of the film, the rollers being arranged upstream of an assembly for effecting simultaneous biaxial stretching of the film. The speed of the stretching rollers is infinitely variable so as to influence the total degree of film-stretching only by changing the speed of the rollers. The rollers used for longitudinal prestretching are arranged at the inlet section of the biaxial stretching assembly. A system is provided to maintain the film exactly at the temperature required by the film characteristics for stretching, and biaxial stretching is done such that any given point on the film in the region the film is being biaxially stretched undergoes simultaneous biaxial stretching both in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the film.
    公开号:SU878185A3
    申请号:SU762375572
    申请日:1976-06-24
    公开日:1981-10-30
    发明作者:Хуфнагель Вальтер；Граан Волькер；Фридрих, (Фрайхерр) Фон Унд Цу Ауфзесс；Армсен Ретгер
    申请人:Юниливер Н.В. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) IZGO METHOD The invention relates to the manufacture of orienting films of thermoplastic material and could be used in the chemical industry. There is a known method for producing oriented films of plastic material consisting of a biaxial stretch in the longitudinal and transverse directions of a film previously heated to the required temperature and device for implementing the method tl the disadvantage of the method. is the poor quality of the film produced, which is explained by the difference in voltage levels and tear resistance values, which are smaller in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse one. The resulting films cannot be used in those cases where higher strength and lower elongation in the longitudinal direction are required, for example, for insulating tapes or for films using THERMAL FOR THERE ORIENTED FILMS OF WHICH MATERIAL AND DEVICE FOR PACKAGING for coating and labeling, when the film is subjected to multiple winding unwinding under a tensile load, during which it must be stretched to a significant extent. A device for carrying out this method contains means for heating and a mechanism for biaxially stretching it in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The closest in technical essence and the present invention is a method of producing landmarks-films of thermoplastic material, consisting in biaxial stretching of the film in the longitudinal and transverse directions and additional longitudinal stretching of the film with control of the degree of its stretch. and a device for carrying out method 2. 3 A device for carrying out the method comprises a biaxial film stretching mechanism in the longitudinal and transverse directions and an additional film longitudinal stretching mechanism with means for adjusting the degree of stretching. In the method, a biaxial drawing of the film is carried out in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and then an additional drawing in the longitudinal direction. The disadvantage of this method is that the improvement of the mechanical properties of the film after biaxial stretching of tr. There is an application for any further stretching of significant tensile forces, which is practically difficult to implement. In addition, when the film is pulled, there will be a strong folding of its edges between the grips, which reduces the quality of the film and its mechanical properties. The purpose of the invention is to improve the mechanical properties of the film. This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the method of producing oriented films of thermoplastic material, consisting of a biaxial stretching of the film in the longitudinal and transverse directions and an additional longitudinal stretching of the film with a control over the degree of its stretching, additional longitudinal stretching is carried out before the biaxial stretching film. In addition, the degree of additional longitudinal stretching of the film is chosen equal to 25-50% of the degree of complete stretching in the longitudinal direction. The degree of additional longitudinal stretching of the polypropylene film is chosen from 1: 2 to 1: 5, mostly 1: 3.5. In an apparatus for carrying out a method comprising a biaxial film stretching mechanism in the longitudinal and transverse directions and a mechanism for additional longitudinal stretching of the film with means for adjusting the degree of stretching, according to the invention, the additional film stretching mechanism is placed in front of the bi-sial stretching mechanism. The drawing shows a device for carrying out the method, general view The device comprises an extruder I with a slotted mouthpiece 2, 54 cylinders cooling 54, an additional film 4 longitudinal stretching mechanism, made in the form of drums associated with means for varying the speed of their rotation and adjusting the degree of stretching films (not shown). An additional longitudinal stretching mechanism A is placed in front of the biaxial stretching mechanism, including a preheating zone 5, a biaxial stretching zone 6 and a temperature lowering and fixing zone 7. A roller 8 is intended for winding the film. A method for producing oriented films is carried out as follows. The thermoplastic material is melted in an extruder extruded through a slotted sleeve 2, a cooling cylinder 3, to which other cooling cylinders are connected in series. It is advisable to simultaneously use leveling (smoothing) means (not shown). At the outlet of the last cooling cylinder 3, the film 9 of the thermoplastic material has a temperature which is significantly lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic material in the thermoplastic or crystalline state than is required for stress. After passing through several conventional auxiliary devices and through preheating zones (not shown), the film enters the mechanism 4 of additional longitudinal stretching, which consists of drums rotating at different speeds or driven in rotation with varying speed. The additional drift mechanism 4 consists, for example, of ten drive drums rotating at varying speeds, which are located in -3 zones. In the first zone, the drums can be heated to heat the film 9. The drums of the second zone (the actual stretch zone) are less heated, and the drums of the third zone are cooled. The stretching of the film 9 is 2550% OBE (the extent of stretching of the film in the longitudinal direction. With further continuation of the operation, the film 9 moves again along the appropriate auxiliary devices mentioned above, but not shown in the drawing, and immediately after leaving the mechanism An additional longitudinal stretch enters the biaxial stretching mechanism. In this mechanism, the film 9 of the thermoplastic material is caught along its edges by clamping means (not shown) and pulled through the preheating zone 5. the film 9 is heated to the desired temperature.Also, after stretching in the first stage in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to keep the temperature of the film at the value at which the orientation proceeds, and immediately after the first stage, to stretch the film in the second stage simultaneously both directions. In this way, percrystallization caused by preheating and lowering the temperature, which can have a negative effect on the voltage, is avoided. In zone 6 for biaxial stretching, the clamping means simultaneously stretches the film 9 of the thermoplastic material in both longitudinal and transverse directions, which results in the desired tension in the longitudinal and transverse directions. In the temperature reducing and fixing zone 7, the film 9 is cooled to the melting point in a crystalline state, respectively, in order to fix the tensions obtained by the band of the thermoplastic film 9. At the output of the biaxial stretching mechanism, the film 9 is wound. Instead of an extruder 1 with a slotted mouthpiece 2 and cooling cylinders 3 connected in series with it, in front of the additional draw mechanism 4, heating means can be placed, which is used before heating dp flax made strip of thermoplastic film to the temperature required for the voltage. In some cases, it is advisable to replace the extruder with a calender to obtain the initial film strip of the material. Example 1. Polypropylene granulated material (Khostal neu PPN 1060, formerly Farbwerke Hochst AG melted in an extruder (diameter 200 mm) and extruded through a 700 mm wide mouthpiece cooling cylinders (70 ° C). The cooled film had a thickness of 900 microns, a width of 650 mm and a temperature of 72 C on its surface. After being reheated to a temperature of about 150 C, the film was stretched at a ratio of 1: 3.5 in the longitudinal direction m Waiting for the drums rotating at different peripheral speeds and cooling to such an extent that the temperature on its surface was about 80 ° C. The film, having a width of about 600 mm and a thickness of 260 microns, was captured by clamping means and after passing through the preheating zone the film is in the longitudinal direction in the ratio of 1: 2 and in the transverse direction in the ratio of 1: 7. After curing and cooling, a film of 18 microns is obtained with tear resistance in both directions between 2000 and 2400 kilo pounds / cm. Example 2. Polypropylene films in the first stage are longitudinally tensioned in a ratio from 1: 3.5 to 1: 5 and in the second stage are additionally tensioned in a ratio 1: 2. The lateral voltage in the second stage is adjusted so that the film surface voltage is approximately 1:49. The tear resistance was 23003300 kilo pounds / cm in the longitudinal direction and 1700-2200 kilo pounds / cm in the transverse direction. A high overall draw ratio in the longitudinal direction with a lower draw ratio in the transverse direction can be obtained for all materials without any difficulty by increasing the stretching in the first stage of the additional longitudinal stretching. The table shows the properties of various thermoplastic materials for making oriented films. According to the proposed method, a thermoplastic film can be successfully manufactured, which possesses the prevailing mechanical properties in the longitudinal direction and preferably consists of polyolefins, for example polypropylene, and can be used as a carrier or base layer for insulating (sticky) tapes. In this method, at the stage of simultaneous biaxial stretching, the film is oriented so that the mechanical properties of the film are aligned at least along both axes, but preferably they predominate in longitudinal etching, while a significant part of the longitudinal orientation is carried out at the preceding stage longitudinal stress. Such a thermoplastic film has, especially when used as an insulating (adhesive) tape, exceptional mechanical properties, since it is in the longitudinal direction. Significantly higher strength is required. However, also in the transverse direction, the simultaneous stress leads to very good mechanical properties, in particular, as regards those values that are of great importance for practical use, such as strength 58 Insulation (adhesive) tape contains a base layer of polypropylene film which is produced by a voltage at about a temperature equal to the melting point in the crystalline state, in the first stage in the longitudinal direction to a degree from 1: 2 to 1: 5 and in the second stage simultaneously in both directions phenomena, whereby the total degree of tension in the longitudinal direction is from 1: 5 to 1:10 and in the transverse direction from 1: 5 to close to 1: 7, and the total degree of voltage of the entire film area is approximately 1: 49. The film has the necessary tear resistance in the longitudinal direction and a coating layer of pressure-sensitive adhesive substance. The advantage of the proposed method and device is to conduct a two-stage longitudinal stretching of a biaxially tensioned film in such a way that the proportion of the longitudinal stress with a simultaneous voltage remains constant, while
    Polyterephthalic ester
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    I, a method of making approximate films of thermoplastic material, consisting of a biaxial stretch, a film in the longitudinal and transverse directions and an additional longitudinal stretch of the film with a recoating degree of stretching, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the film, the longitudinal stretching is carried out before the biaxial stretching of the film.
    [2]
    2. The method of pop. 1, distinguished by the fact that the degree of additional
    longitudinal stretching of a film equal to 25-50% of the degree of complete stretching of the film in the longitudinal direction.
    [3]
    3. Method of method 1, about tl and h ayuch and so that the degree of additional longitudinal stretching of the film of polypropylene is chosen equal to from 1: 2
    up to 1: 5, mostly 1: 3,5.
    [4]
    4. Device for making oriented films of thermoplastic material, comprising: a mechanism for biaxial stretching of a film in the longitudinal and transverse directions
    510
    and a mechanism for additional longitudinal stretching of the film with means of adjusting the degree of stretching, which is tactile in that the mechanism of additional longitudinal stretching of the film is placed in front of the biaxial stretching mechanism.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. US patent number 3132375, cl. 264-289, published. 1964.
    2. USSR author's certificate
    No. 330036, class In 29 D 7/24, 1968 (prototype-) ..
    chg
    - /
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IT1062385B|1984-10-10|
    DK150973C|1988-02-15|
    DE2528370B2|1978-01-26|
    NL7606936A|1976-12-28|
    DE2528370A1|1977-01-13|
    DK284276A|1976-12-26|
    BE843458A|1976-12-27|
    AU1524476A|1978-02-09|
    DD125061A5|1977-03-30|
    NL185003C|1990-01-02|
    SE425301B|1982-09-20|
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    JPS5230876A|1977-03-08|
    CH610810A5|1979-05-15|
    FI761824A|1976-12-26|
    FR2317077A1|1977-02-04|
    FI65730B|1984-03-30|
    IE43385B1|1981-02-11|
    SE7607313L|1976-12-26|
    JPS612490B2|1986-01-25|
    GB1554428A|1979-10-24|
    IE43385L|1976-12-25|
    US4261944A|1981-04-14|
    DE2528370C3|1979-11-15|
    NO762168L|1976-12-28|
    LU75252A1|1977-03-18|
    NO144162B|1981-03-30|
    DK150973B|1987-10-05|
    NL185003B|1989-08-01|
    CA1073623A|1980-03-18|
    FR2317077B1|1981-04-30|
    ATA455976A|1981-02-15|
    AT364162B|1981-09-25|
    引用文献:
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    DE2825209C3|1978-06-08|1981-08-06|Unilever N.V., Rotterdam|Method and device for the production of biaxially stretched film webs made of plastic|
    JPS6212016B2|1978-08-15|1987-03-16|Toray Industries|
    JPS578118A|1980-06-20|1982-01-16|Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd|Biaxially oriented polypropylene film and manufacture thereof|
    US4408974A|1982-01-20|1983-10-11|Comerio Ercole, S.P.A.|Mobile film stretching unit|
    US4451533A|1983-02-09|1984-05-29|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company|Dispensable polypropylene adhesive-coated tape|
    US4853602A|1985-12-24|1989-08-01|E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company|System for using synchronous secondaries of a linear motor to biaxially draw plastic films|
    JPS6398387U|1986-12-15|1988-06-25|
    AT106428T|1987-07-23|1994-06-15|Dsm Nv|METHOD FOR PRODUCING THIN STRETCHED FILMS FROM POLYOLEFINES WITH ULTRA-HIGH-MOLECULAR WEIGHT.|
    DE4235648A1|1992-10-22|1994-04-28|Dornier Gmbh Lindauer|Device for simultaneous, biaxial stretching and axial shrinking of thermoplastic film webs|
    US5935681A|1992-10-30|1999-08-10|Paulett; Harry K.|Perforated stretch wrap film|
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    US5939845A|1998-03-23|1999-08-17|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company|Method for controlling tenter clip gap spacing during simultaneous biaxial stretching using linear synchronous motors|
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    DE60132310T2|2000-03-14|2009-01-02|Velcro Industries B.V.|VELCRO SYSTEM|
    DE10305740A1|2003-02-11|2004-08-19|Huhtamaki Forchheim Zweigniederlassung Der Huhtamaki Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg|Production of oriented polyolefin or polyolefin-polyamide sheet produced by extrusion - or coextrusion blow molding comprises biaxial orientation during blow molding process, together with further orientation|
    US7405784B2|2003-02-12|2008-07-29|3M Innovative Properties Company|Compensators for liquid crystal displays with biaxially stretched single film with crystallization modifier|
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    WO2008056329A1|2006-11-10|2008-05-15|The Procter & Gamble Company|Method for rotary press forming|
    TW201738093A|2015-12-29|2017-11-01|３Ｍ新設資產公司|Low shrink polyester films and method of making|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2528370A|DE2528370C3|1975-06-25|1975-06-25|Process for producing biaxially stretched film webs made of plastic and device for carrying out the process|
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